Influence de l'aluminium sur la nutrition minerale de la feverole (calcicole) et du lupin (calcifuge)

Abstract

The exchangeable and soluble form of aluminium (Al³⁺) is absorbed by plants in many acid soils. This uptake is responsible for toxic effects on plant nutrition and plant growth. This study is concerned with the aluminium-calcium interaction on different ecologic species: the calcicole and the calcifuge plants appearing sensitive and tolerant to aluminium, respectively. The absorption of aluminium is three times as important in calcicole plant (horse-bean, Vida faba minor, L.) as in calcifuge species (yellow lupine, Lupinus luteus L.). The addition of aluminium in a nutritive solution or in an exchange-solution produces several variations in mineral composition: from 30 min to 24 hr, only cations content of roots present significant differences. So when aluminium is absorbed, we noted an exsorption of macronutrients, and, more particularly, of calcium in both species. Aluminium takes effect differently in potassium and magnesium, according to studied species. There is no veritable translocation of aluminium; on the other hand, in leaves and stems, calcium and phosphorus are principal elements whose quantity is modified by aluminium treatment. In calcifuge species, aluminium would act as a detox.ifier, and this could show antagonism between calcium and aluminium. These results allow us to join the sensibility of plants with their possibilities of absorption on one hand, and with their capacities of absorption and utilization of calcium on the other hand.