Invited Paper-The Omnitron: A Versatile Medium-Energy Synchrotron for the Acceleration of Light and Heavy Ions

Abstract

A novel guide-magnet configuration has been devised which makes possible the acceleration of all charge-to-mass ratios from 0.04 to 1. A concentric storage ring, with the associated beam-switching equipment, allows for the extension of beam duty factor to essentially 100%. The storage ring can also be used in a bootstrap acceleration of heavy ions in which the ions are injected at low e/m, accelerated to a moderate velocity, stored while the accelerating ring returns to minimum field, stripped to maximum e/m, and re-injected for further acceleration. With a pressurized 2.5 MV Cockcroft-Walton injector, the proposed system is capable of accelerating all ions from protons to uranium--to energies up to 1.5 BeV for protons and 0.3 to 0.5 BeV/nucleon for the heavier ions. Intensities of 1012 to 1013 nucleons/sec for the lighter ions (M ⩽ 128) are anticipated. The heavy-ion charge-exchange probabilities determine the vacuum requirements of this system. To minimize these requirements and to increase beam intensity, a 60/sec cycling rate has been chosen. The vacuum requirements and the special rf resonator and beam-switching problems attendant with the high cycling rate are discussed.