Radiography, or the technique of recording an x-ray image of a specimen in contact with a photographic film, came into being almost simultaneously with the discovery of x-rays themselves. A few years later, in 1913, Goby added the use of the optical microscope to enlarge the radiographic image, creating the technique of microradiography. The imaging of very thin specimens was precluded by the hardness of the x-rays used, but in 1936 Lamarque and Turchini made the first microradiographs using soft x-rays, opening up the possibility of working with single biological cells or subcellular components. In the 1950s, the need for higher magnification for such studies led to a division of effort into three rather distinct approaches: the use of x-ray optical devices, the point projection method, and the line initiated by Ladd, Hess, and Ladd, who showed that essentially grainless x-ray sensitive materials can be used in place of silver-halide photographic film and the image viewed at high magnification in the electron microscope. The present conference is devoted to topics which are related to the first of these; nevertheless the organizers of the conference, working we think on the sound principle that knowledge about parallel approaches may be of value, have asked us to report briefly on the status of the last approach. We will do this under two headings: current usage and current technique.