Recovery of Parathion, DDT and Certain Analogs of Dichlorodiphenyl-Dichloroethane from Treated Crops1

Abstract
DDT residues were determined on alfalfa treated with 3% and 1% DDT dusts, on corn stalks dusted 4 or 5 times with 3% DDT, and on pea vines sprayed at the 1st blossom stage with 1 lb. DDT per acre. Residues of DDT and methoxychlor were analyzed on alfalfa dusted with 3% and 5% of the 2 toxicants, respectively. Parathion residues were determined on pea vines, corn stalks and alfalfa. Shelled peas and corn kernels were analyzed for translocation of DDT and parathion. Absorption of parathion was also determined- in potato tubers grown in soil treated with 5, 10 and 20 lbs. parathion per acre. Residues from the 3 chlorinated insecticides on all crops tested, contained from none to 4 ppm. of toxicants based on green wt. In general, higher amts. of toxicants were found on alfalfa than on corn stalks and pea vines. Rainfall had an effect on the quantities of toxicants recovered at harvest, but the relationships were not always proportional. Evidently other factors, such as plant growth, variety, etc., are contributing items. However, in the absence of rainfall high deposits (19 ppm.) of DDT were recovered from dusted corn stalks. About 0.4 ppm. of DDT was found in one sample of shelled peas from plants sprayed at the blossom stage with 1 lb. of DDT per acre. No DDT was present in corn kernels from plants dusted 4 times with 3% DDT. Para-thion residues at harvest were, in general, very low on all crops tested, regardless of treatment, ranging from none to 0.13 ppm. Negligible quantities of parathion were recovered from corn kernels and shelled peas, indicating no translocation. Parathion deposits on plants decompose during the drying process, prior to chemical analysis. For accurate values of this toxicant, the plants should be analyzed fresh, soon after harvest. Potato tubers from soil treated with 10 and 20 lbs. parathion per acre contained small quantities of parathion when analyzed soon after they were dug.