Studies with two dwarf wheat strains, HD(M)1592 and HD(M)1620A, show that the enhanced protein content observed following increased fertilizer application is mainly accounted for by an increase in gluten content. Bran and shorts have a higher percentage of protein than the flour. However, accumulation at high fertility takes place in the flour only. Protein fractionation studies reveal that there is an increase in the relative proportion of prolamin and glutelin while cytoplasmic proteins show little change. Amino acids like glutamic acid, phenylalanine, proline, and leucine increase at high fertility levels while the reverse is true for lysine, valine, threonine, isoleucine, and tyrosine.