The crises, present and projected, arising from the polluted water of our rivers and streams have been recounted in the previous installment of this series. All agree: the time for long-range planning is now while the most efficient combination of abatement measures can still be used. Two such plans are proposed here. Allen V. Kneese, director of the water resources program for Resources for the Future Inc., outlines a control system that effectively combines many measures, and urges the use of regional water management agencies. Richard S. Lewis, science writer for the Chicago Sun-Times, reports on Nawapa—a plan for obtaining enough water for North America's twenty-first century needs. One question remains: Can proposals be turned into realities?