Arrangement of subunits and domains within the Octopus dofleini hemocyanin molecule.

Abstract

Native Octopus dofleini hemocyanin appears as a hollow cylinder in the electron microscope. It is composed of 19 polypeptide subunits, each folded into seven globular oxygen-binding domains. The native structure reassociates spontaneously from subunits in the presence of Mg2+ ions. We have selectively removed the C-terminal domain and purified the resulting six-domain subunits. Although these six-domain subunits do not associate efficiently at pH 7.2, they undergo nearly complete reassociation at pH 8.0. The resulting molecule looks like the native cylindrical whole molecule but lacks the usual fivefold protrusions into the central cavity. Partially reassociated mixtures show dimers of the subunit that have a characteristic parallelogram shape when lying flat on the electron microscope grid, and a "boat" form in side view. Removal of the C-terminal domain from monomers results in the removal of two characteristically placed domains in the dimers. These observations allow the development of a model for the arrangement of the subunits within the whole molecule. The model predicts exactly the views seen in the electron microscope of both whole molecule and dimeric intermediates.