Evidence of super-elastic effects in laser-induced ionisation of Na vapour

Abstract
The authors report the direct observation of an intense ion yield when Na vapour in the wide range of densities 1012-1015 cm-3 is irradiated by a laser tuned to the 3S1/2-3P3/2 resonance and with intensities in the range 3*103-4*105 W cm-2. Evidence of superelastic e-Na(3p) collisions is shown above 1013 cm-3. A critical discussion of possible electron seeding and heating mechanisms and a simple theoretical model for the observed ion yields are given.