Cytological Effects of Pesticides

Abstract

The effects of the pesticides: O,O-dimethyl-N-methyl-carbamidomethyl dithiophosphate Rogor, O-isopropyl-N-phenyl carbamate IPC and Duphar, (active ingredients 0.7% CIPC and 0.3% IPC), were studied on meiosis, pollen viability and yield of V. faba (var. ''Giza 1'') plants for 2 (or 3) successive generations. Two types of treatments were conducted, seed-soak and spraying plants at the seedling and flowering stages. The effects of the pesticides on mitosis for successive generations were also investigated. Spraying V. faba plants with saturated IPC solution at the flowering stage induced a relatively high percentage of abnormal PMCs [pollen mother cells]. The most attractive effect of Rogor, IPC and Duphar was the induction of multipolar AII and TII; in addition to the other types of anomalies (stickiness, ana- and telophase bridges, and lagging of chromosomes), IPC also induced tetraploid PMCs. The transmission of chromosomal aberrations to the following generations was found to be very low. The pesticides used have no harmful effect on the yield of V. faba plants; even the treatments (seed-soak-treatments with 0.1% Rogor and 0.5% saturated Duphar solutions and spraying plants at the flowering stage with Duphar solution) which showed a significant inhibitory action on the yield in the 1st yr did not show such effect in the 2nd generation. The 3rd generation was also normal in the case of plants sprayed at the seedling stage with Rogor and IPC solutions and showed significant increase in the yield in the 2nd generation.