Increasing the intake of highly digestible Persian clover herbage reduces rumen fluid pH and the rate of degradation of neutral detergent fibre in grazing dairy cows

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that increasing the intake of Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) would decrease rumen fluid pH and the rate of loss of neutral detergent fibre from nylon bags. It was further hypothesised that the reduction in the rate of disappearance of neutral detergent fibre with increased intake would be less in highly digestible clover than in highly digestible ryegrass or pasture hay. Sixteen rumen fistulated cows, in late lactation, were used in a completely randomised, split-plot design for 33 days. There were 4 pasture allowance treatments (9, 16, 32 and 53 kg dry matter (DM)/cow.day of Persian clover) with 4 cows per treatment. Cows grazed in individual plots, pasture intakes were measured, and rumen fluid and in sacco measurements were undertaken. Pasture DM intake increased asymptotically as pasture allowance increased from 9 to 53 kg DM. Cows grazing at the 9 kg pasture allowance spent less time grazing than cows at higher allowances (294 v. 368, 421 and 414 min, P0.05) of pasture allowance on time spent ruminating, which averaged 236 min. Estimated rates of intake increased (P0.05). There were no differences (P>0.05) in total rumen contents (75.6 kg; s.e.d. = 6.95), or DM (7.3 kg; s.e.d. = 0.73) and neutral detergent fibre (2.7 kg; s.e.d. = 0.32) pools, of cows grazing at different allowances. Offering cows increasing allowances of Persian clover pasture reduced rumen digesta retention times, as rumen pool sizes did not change. Average daily pH fell with increasing allowance due to differences in daily intake and pH patterns, and increasing pasture allowance decreased the rate of disappearance of neutral detergent fibre. It is suggested that increased outflow rates, driven by differences in daily pH patterns and changes in substrate composition, were responsible for the decline in disappearance of neutral detergent fibre from nylon bags, but the effects of the factors cannot be separated.