Magnetoencephalography with an atomic magnetometer

Abstract

The authors demonstrate detection and mapping of brainmagnetic fields evoked by auditory stimulation with a noncryogenic magnetometer based on spin precession of potassium atoms in spin-exchange-relaxation-free regime. Optical readout using a photodiode array allows flexibility in detector placement while using common elements for most components of the multichannel system. Absence of a cryogenic dewar eliminates magnetic Johnson noise from radiation shields and allows the use of a compact magnetic shield with a high shielding factor. The magnetometer sensitivity is currently equal to 3.5 fT ∕ Hz 1 ∕ 2 at 10 Hz , similar to superconducting quantum interference devicemagnetoencephalography systems.