Spin Current and Polarization in Impure Two-Dimensional Electron Systems with Spin-Orbit Coupling

Abstract

We derive the transport equations for two-dimensional electron systems with Rashba spin-orbit interaction and short-range spin-independent disorder. In the limit of slow spatial variations, we obtain coupled diffusion equations for the electron density and spin. Using these equations we calculate electric-field induced spin accumulation and spin current in a finite-size sample for an arbitrary ratio between spin-orbit energy splitting $\Delta$ and elastic scattering rate ${\tau }^{-1}$. We demonstrate that the spin-Hall conductivity vanishes in an infinite system independent of this ratio.