D-APIOSE

Abstract
Naturally-occurring apiose is shown by synthesis to be the D-isomer in the open-chain form. In this synthesis 3-O-benzyl-D-fructose is cyanohydrated and the resulting heptonic lactones are reduced to 3-O-benzyl-2-C-(hydroxymethyl)-D-arabo-hexitol. The latter is oxidized with lead tetraacetate affording 2-O-benzyl-3-C-(hydroxymethyl)-D-glycero-tetrose which, on debenzylation, gives 3-C-(hydroxymethyl)-D-glycero-tetrose (D-apiose).