Evidence for the presence of the toxin cerato-ulmin in the synnema head fluid of Ceratocystis ulmi

Abstract

The presence of cerato-ulmin (CU) in the synnema head fluid (HF) of Ceratocystis ulmi was shown by the results of light and scanning electron microscope observation and by demonstration of the assembling and disassembling of structures characteristic of CU in the HF. Further, through the combined application of acrylamide gel electrophoresis and double diffusion techniques, CU was detected as the major protein in the HF.