The Copper Intrauterine Device and Its Mode of Action

Abstract

OF all the contraceptive methods developed in the past five years, perhaps the most widely used is the copper intrauterine device. Copper metal in contact with biologic substrates is highly reactive. The copper ions thereby produced also have biologic effects. Thus, this device is a pharmacologic agent.Development and Clinical Aspects of the Copper Intrauterine DeviceIn 1969, Zipper et al. found that copper wire when placed in the uterus of the rabbit has a contraceptive effect.¹ This discovery was applied to human beings.² A plastic T-shaped device with copper wire wound around its stem had an increased contraceptive effect . . .