An X-Ray Photoelectron and Electron Spin Resonance Study of Wool Treated with Aqueous Solutions of Chromium and Copper Ions

Abstract
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron spin resonance have been used to study the chemical modification of the wool fiber arising from the chrome mordanting process and the cupric ammonium sulfite shrinkproofing treatment. Variations in the sites of reaction and bonding of the metal ions to the wool fiber were observed, and selective removal of copper from the wool surface was demonstrated.