Perceived size and distance in visual space.

Abstract

Neither the law of the retinal image nor that of size constancy can be sustained over the entire range of distances and conditions. The basic, unifying relation between perceived size and perceived distance is s = [PHI] d, where [PHI] is the size (in radians) of the retinal image or visual angle, d is the perceived distance, and s is the perceived size. The mathematical development and empirical verification of this hypothesis is given.