Induction and prevention of chondrocyte hypertrophy in culture.
Open Access
- 1 November 1989
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Rockefeller University Press in The Journal of cell biology
- Vol. 109 (5), 2537-2545
- https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.109.5.2537
Abstract
Primary chondrocytes from whole chick embryo sterna can be maintained in suspension culture stabilized with agarose for extended periods of time. In the absence of FBS, the cells remain viable only when seeded at high densities. They do not proliferate at a high rate but they deposit extracellular matrix with fibrils resembling those of authentic embryonic cartilage in their appearance and collagen composition. The cells exhibit many morphological and biochemical characteristics of resting chondrocytes and they do not produce collagen X, a marker for hypertrophic cartilage undergoing endochondral ossification. At low density, cells survive in culture without FBS when the media are conditioned by chondrocytes grown at high density. Thus, resting cartilage cells in agarose cultures can produce factors required for their own viability. Addition of FBS to the culture media leads to profound changes in the phenotype of chondrocytes seeded at low density. Cells form colonies at a high rate and assume properties of hypertrophic cells, including the synthesis of collagen X. They extensively deposit extracellular matrix resembling more closely that of adult rather than embryonic cartilage.This publication has 51 references indexed in Scilit:
- Growth factors and the regulation of bone remodeling.JCI Insight, 1988
- Microfilament modification by dihydrocytochalasin B causes retinoic acid-modulated chondrocytes to reexpress the differentiated collagen phenotype without a change in shape.The Journal of cell biology, 1988
- Rabbit chondrocytes maintained in serum-free mediumExperimental Cell Research, 1986
- Stimulation of DNA synthesis in quiescent rabbit chondrocytes in culture by limited exposure to somatomedin-like growth factorsEuropean Journal of Biochemistry, 1986
- Type X collagen synthesis during in vitro development of chick embryo tibial chondrocytes.The Journal of cell biology, 1986
- Extracellular matrix mediates epithelial effects on chondrogenesis in vitroDevelopmental Biology, 1984
- Induction of chondrogenesis in limb mesenchymal cultures by disruption of the actin cytoskeleton.The Journal of cell biology, 1984
- Synthesis of a low molecular weight collagen by chondrocytes from the presumptive calcification region of the embryonic chick sterna: the influence of culture with collagen gels.The Journal of cell biology, 1984
- Dedifferentiated chondrocytes reexpress the differentiated collagen phenotype when cultured in agarose gelsCell, 1982
- The Effect of Serum on Monolayer Cell Culture of Mammalian Articular ChondrocytesConnective Tissue Research, 1980