Abstract
1. 656 samples of sera taken at random from natives in Southern Rhodesia were examined for the presence of typhoid Vi agglutinins.2. Forty-nine or 7·47% were shown to contain Vi agglutinins in titres of 1 in 5 to 1 in 12·5.3. Samples of faeces and urine from twenty-six of the positive Vi reactors were cultured for Bact. typhosum, which was isolated from only one individual who was shown to be a chronic urinary carrier.4. The significance of these findings is discussed.