Estuarine Productivity

Abstract
The high productivity of estuaries is due primarily to the in situ photosynthetic activity of nanophytoplankton, supplemented by other phytoplankton, submerged vascular plants, peri-phyton, benthic algae, tidal marsh detritus, and land runoff, in decreasing order. Estuaries are able to trap productive bottom sediments and high levels of nutrients from land runoff.