The actions of adenosine 5′‐triphosphate on guinea‐pig intracardiac neurones in culture

Abstract

1 The actions of adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) and related nucleotides and nucleosides on the membrane ion conductances of m and AH type intracardiac neurones cultured from ganglia within the atria and interatrial septum of newborn guinea-pig heart were studied with intracellular current- and voltage-clamp techniques. 2 Approximately 74% (120 out of 161) of AH type cells and 41% (5 out of 12) m cells responded to direct application of ATP (500 μm) onto their soma. 3 In 41% of m and 43% of AH type cells, focal application of ATP (500 μm) evoked rapid depolarization with an increase in conductance which frequently elicited action potential discharge. The underlying inward current had a null potential of −11.2 mV and was reduced in solutions containing low extracellular sodium and calcium but unaffected by reduced chloride-containing solutions. 4 In a further 31% of AH type cells, ATP evoked a multi-component response consisting of an initial depolarization followed by a hyperpolarization and a slow prolonged depolarization. The current underlying the initial depolarization resulted from an increase in conductance and had a null potential of −19.1 mV. The current was increased in low chloride-containing solutions and was only slightly reduced in low sodium- and calcium-containing solutions. The subsequent hyperpolarization and outward current resulted from an increase in membrane conductance and had a null potential of −88.5 mV, which was close to the potassium equilibrium potential in these cells. The slow depolarization and inward current was not associated with change in membrane conductance. 5 In less than 2% of AH cells, ATP evoked a second type of slow depolarization. This was associated with a fall in conductance and had a null potential of −90.7 mV. 6 In 40% of AH cells, adenosine (10–100 μ m) inhibited the calcium-sensitive potassium current responsible for the after-hyperpolarization. The action of adenosine was antagonized by the P₁-purinoceptor antagonist 8-phenyltheophylline (1–10 μm). 7 The potency order of agonists for all of the ATP-evoked responses, except the slow depolarization associated with a fall in conductance was ATP > ADP with AMP and adenosine being ineffective. 8 Responses to ATP were only weakly desensitized by α,β-methylene ATP (3 × 10⁻⁶ m) and the potency order of analogues was 2-methylthio ATP ≤ ATP > α,β-methylene ATP, indicating the involvement of receptors similar to P_2Y purinoceptors.