11-Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and gene expression in the hypertensive Bianchi???Milan rat

Abstract

Objective: 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD), by converting the active steroids cortisol and corticosterone to their inactive metabolites, regulates steroid exposure to the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. We explored the hypothesis that a defect in 11β-HSD could result in overstimulation of either the mineralocorticoid or glucocorticoid receptors with subsequent hypertension in an established animal model of hypertension, the Bianchi–Milan hypertensive (BMH) rat Design and methods: Groups of BMH rats with established hypertension (42–46 days old) and prehypertensive rats (22 days old) were compared with age-matched normotensive control rats. Kidney and liver 11β-HSD and glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were assessed by Northern and dot-blot analyses, and 11β-HSD activity as percentage conversion of [³H]-corticosterone to [³H]-11-dehydrocorticosterone by tissue homogenate Results: Hepatic 11β-HSD activity and gene expression were significantly reduced in the hypertensive BMH rat compared with its normotensive genetic control. 11β-HSD activity was also reduced in the prehypertensive BMH rat (aged 25 days) from hypertensive parents, excluding hypertension per se as the cause of the abnormality. Plasma corticosterone was higher in the hypertensive rats. There was no difference in renal 11β-HSD activity or gene expression between hypertensive and normotensive BMH rats, or in glucocorticoid receptor gene expression in the liver or kidney Conclusions: Normal levels of renal 11β-HSD mRNA and activity are found in the BMH rat. However, the hypertensive BMH rat does demonstrate impaired hepatic 11β-HSD activity which occurs at a pretranslational level, although it is not clear how this relates to the pathogenesis of hypertension in this model