EFFECTS OF A PLASTICIZER LEACHED FROM POLYVINYL-CHLORIDE ON SUBHUMAN PRIMATE - CONSEQUENCE OF CHRONIC TRANSFUSION THERAPY

Abstract

The effects of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) on hepatic function and histology were evaluated in the rhesus monkey undergoing chronic transfusion. DEHP was solubilized as a result of leaching by platelets or plasma stored in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood bags. The average cumulative amount of DEHP infused in 1 yr was 69.3 mg, or 21.3 mg/kg. Comparable amounts of DEHP are received by patients who undergo chronic transfusions with whole blood, packed cells, platelets and plasma in the same time period. Four of the 7 PVC-transfused monkeys had abnormal 99mTc liver-spleen scan ratios, 4 of the 7 demonstrated abnormal BSP [bromsulfophthalein] clearance, and 6 of the 7 had abnormal liver histopathology upon completion of transfusion therapy. These findings persisted in a majority of the monkeys throughout the follow-up period. DEHP persisted in the tissues for up to 14 mo. after transfusion. The nontransfused monkeys and those transfused with platelets processed in polyethylene containers were normal.