Risk Indicators for Cerebrovascular Complications After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Abstract

All patients from western Sweden were retrospectively studied in whom CABG was performed between june 1, 1988 and June 1, 1991 without simultaneous valve surgery. The aim was to detect clinical factors prior to and at the time of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) which were associated with the risk of neurological complications during the postoperative hospital stay. A neurological complication during the hospital stay was registered if a neurological consultation was made and if this consultation diagnosed a neurological deficit. In all, there were 2121 patients in the study, of whom 81 (3.8%) had a neurological complication. 23 of the latter (28%) died before discharge. Among preoperative factors the following appeared as significant independent predictors of a neurological complication: a history of cerebrovascular disease (p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (p < 0.01), hypertension (p < 0.05), degree of urgency of the Operation (p < 0.01), and age (p < 0.01). Among per- and postoperative events the following predicted a neurological complication: intensive care unit treatment for more than two days (p < 0.001) and respirator required for more than 24 hours (p < 0.001).