Paediatric Neurology in Africa: A Ugandan Report

Abstract

The findings in 138 children attending a neurology clinic in Uganda are presented. In contrast with findings in developed countries, only 25 had an abnormal birth and history dating from birth compared with 63 who had a normal birth and early development with symptoms of postnatal onset. The commonest mode of onset in the postnatal period was a catastrophic, feverish illness. Effective and usually easily achieved drug control of epilepsy and hyperkinesis enabled most parents to cope with disabled children. Simple explanation to parents and teachers can reduce the rejection and educational retardation associated with epilepsy. Primary prevention lies in earlier diagnosis and treatment of cerebral malaria, meningitis, and encephalitis and improved obstetric services. Secondary prevention requires closer follow-up of potentially brain-damaged children and the education of doctors in neurological and behavioural assessment and the more efficient treatment of epilepsy and hyperkinesis.