Functionally essential, invariant glutamate near the C-terminus of strand β5 in various (α/β)8-barrel enzymes as a possible indicator of their evolutionary relatedness

Abstract

Twelve different (α/β)₈-barrel enzymes belonging to three structurally distinct families were found to contain, near the C-terminus of their strand β5, a conserved invariant glutamic acid residue that plays an important functional role in each of these enzymes. The search was based on the idea that a conserved sequence region of an (α/β)₈-barrel enzyme should be more or less conserved also in the equivalent part of the structure of the other enzymes with this folding motif owing to their mutual evolutionary relatedness. For this purpose, the sequence region around the well conserved fifth β-strand of a-amylase containing catalytic glutamate (Glu230, Aspergillus oryzae α-amylase numbering), was used as the sequence-structural template. The isolated sequence stretches of the 12 (α/β)₈-barrels are discussed from both the sequence-structural and the evolutionary point of view, the invariant glutamate residue being proposed to be a joining feature of the studied group of enzymes remaining from their ancestral (α/β)₈-barrel