Abstract
A three-parameter semiclassical S-matrix, embracing Nikitin non-adiabatic parameters (1962) and Stueckelberg phases, is calculated within the two-state exponential model. Strong-coupling and weak-coupling asymptotic expansions of the Whittaker functions are employed. A simple phase-integral interpretation of the three parameters is given. The matrix elements reduce correctly in all known limiting cases, including the Rosen-Zener model, (1932), and the parabolic models for both curve crossings and perturbed symmetric resonance.

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