Pathological oscillations of a rotating fluid

Abstract

A theoretical study is made of the free periods of oscillation of an incompressible inviscid fluid, bounded by two rigid concentric spheres of radii a, b (a > b), and rotating with angular velocity Ω about a common diameter. An attempt is made to use the Longuet-Higgins solution of the Laplace tidal equation as the first term of an expansion in powers of the parameter ε = (a − b)/(a + b), of the solution to the full equations governing oscillations in a spherical shell. This leads to a singularity in the second-order terms at the two critical circles where the characteristic cones of the governing equation touch the shell boundaries.A boundary-layer type of argument is used to examine the apparent non-uniformity in the neighbourhood of these critical circles, and it is found that, in order to remove the singularity in the pressure, an integrable singularity in the velocity components must be introduced on the characteristic cone which touches the inner spherical boundary. Further integrable singularities are introduced by repeated reflexion at the shell boundaries, and so, even outside the critical region the velocity terms contain what may reasonably be described as a pathological term, generally of order ε^½ compared to that found by Longuet-Higgins, periodic with wavelength O(εa) in the radial and latitudinal directions.Some consequences of this result are discussed.