Effect of a Synthetic Adjuvant on the Induction of Primary Immune Responses in T Cell-Depleted Spleen Cultures
- 1 July 1978
- journal article
- research article
- Published by The American Association of Immunologists in The Journal of Immunology
- Vol. 121 (1), 383-389
- https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.121.1.383
Abstract
N-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine (muramyl dipeptide) stimulates in vitro primary immune responses to SRBC in T cell-depleted (nude) spleen cultures. The stimulation of immune responses by muramyl peptide was antigen dependent. A microculture system was used to compare the T cell-replacing activities of several structural analogues of muramyl dipeptide and to compare the activity of muramyl dipeptide to helper T cells. In a limiting dilution analysis with excess helper T cells or muramyl dipeptide, the frequency of B cell precursors that respond to SRBC was similar, ranging from 1.5 to 5 × 10-5. Decreasing the cell density in microcultures did not affect the efficiency of B cell precursor responses in the presence of muramyl dipeptide. Muramyl dipeptide was examined for mitogenic activity in spleen cell cultures. In serum-free medium, muramyl dipeptide stimulates slight (3-fold) increases in DNA synthetic activity. In medium supplemented with 5 to 20% fetal calf serum, muramyl dipeptide showed no significant mitogenic activity. There are a number of possible explanations for the T cell-replacing activity of muramyl dipeptide. The most likely is that muramyl dipeptide interacts directly with B cells to mimic the helper T cell signal in the inductive stimulus.This publication has 6 references indexed in Scilit:
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