Reports from European laboratories which have been confirmed by one of us have resulted in our employment of this new chemotherapeutic treatment of the more severe types of hemolytic streptococcus infection. We also wished to study its effects in comparison with that of a new type of serum treatment which has been used successfully by us for nearly a decade and which was reported in summary form recently. The present paper will be devoted to the report of two cases of meningitis, which by their nature and severity we deem to have important evidential value. REPORT OF CASES Case 1.1—History.— C. S., a white youth, aged 17, admitted to the hospital Aug. 31, 1936, complained of headache, "running ear" (left), pain, fever, nausea and vomiting. He was delirious. August 28, following a swim in the river, an acute otitis media had developed. The earache became worse.