The Lower Ionosphere

Abstract
There are two well-defined regions in the lower part of the ionosphere. One of these (the D region) extends from 35-65 km, the other (the C region) lies between 2-30 km. They have been detected by the use of a very short pulse of the order of 3 microseconds and a receiving set with a small time lag. The ground and reflected pulses are separated by using a rapid sweep on a cathode-ray oscilloscope. Similar results have been obtained by Watson-Watt, Mitra and their co-workers.