Management Significance of Damage by Geese and Muskrats to Gulf Coast Marshes

Abstract
Blue geese (Chen caerulescens), and lesser snow geese (C. hyperborea hyperborea) damage marsh tracts by their intensive feeding. Similar damage, locally referred to as "eatout", results when the Louisiana muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus rivalicius) is allowed to overpopulate its habitat. This report describes details of this damage, outlines its ecological consequences, and suggests control measures. Effects of goose and muskrat "eatouts" upon fur, cattle, and wildlife management are summarized as follows: goose damage interferes with muskrat trapping and destroys cattle forage, but has some desirable outcomes that may be utilized in wildlife management. Muskrat damage is inimical to profitable fur management, and, while it may produce slight temporary wildlife benefits, it cannot be recommended on marshes dedicated to wildlife management.