The real free energies of solvation of ions in some non-aqueous and mixed solvents

Abstract

Real free energies of solvation have been measured in several non-aqueous and mixed solvents. The results are discussed in terms of the bulk and surface contributions. Changes in these can be deduced in mixed solvents by comparison with the known surface composition. Hence it is proposed that most of the non-aqueous solutions studied have negative χ-potentials and approximate values are suggested which fit the available facts. The sign of the χ-potential of water is still uncertain although the range of possible values has been narrowed. Methanol, unlike the higher alcohols, appears to be oriented differently at the air and uncharged mercury interfaces.