Modeling of Cratering, Close-In Displacements, and Ejecta

Abstract
The cratering flows observed in ten computed surface burst cases were modeled to predict time-dependent cratering, displacements, and ejecta. An elastic perfectly plastic material assumption was then used in conjunction with energy balance assumptions to predict final crater sizes and shapes and to expose the roles played by material strength and gravity. Reasonable agreements were found for a variety of cases.