Comparisons of the skeletal systems of growing broiler and laying strain chickens

Abstract

Skeletal systems of growing broiler and laying strain chickens were compared in an attempt to establish whether the rapid growth rates of broilers lead to qualitative or quantitative skeletal deficiencies. Qualitative comparisons included studies of bone histology and of bone ash, density and compression strength. Quantitative comparisons related bone weight to body weight. Bone “ matured “ very rapidly, as judged by its density, ash content and weight relative to bird weight in the first fortnight of life and thereafter more slowly in both broilers and laying strain birds. After the age of I week bones “ matured “ mainly by replacement of water by mineralised osteoid—the degree of mineralisation of osteoid being a less important factor in bone “ maturation “. There were no significant differences from the viewpoint of either quality or quantity between the skeletal systems of broilers and laying strain birds of the same age. At equal body weights, however, broilers had skeletal systems which were both qualitatively and quantitatively less “ mature “ than those of laying strain birds. These differences were most marked during early life when the rate of skeletal “ maturation “ was high.