The morphology of fibrillar polyethylene crystals

Abstract

A comparison has been made of the morphology of fibrillar polyethylene crystals prepared by shear-induced crystallization and heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysis under similar solvent and temperature conditions. Both specimens had a shish-kebab superstructure consisting of lamellar overgrowths on a filamentary backbone. For polyethylenes stirrer-crystallized at small supercoolings, the overgrown lamallae were removed by nitric acid oxidation followed by selective dissolution, leaving naked filamentary ribbons. Thermal analysis of these specimens suggested a dual molecular conformation of both folded and extended chains. The fact that these fibrils did not deform easily under uniaxial stress conforms with a core of extended chains. Thermal and oxidative behavior of polyethylenes prepared at lower crystallization temperatures suggested a greater content of chain folds in the central thread as the degree of supercooling increased. The Ziegler-Natta fibrils were degraded into lamellar fragments on oxidation and their thermal behavior suggested a predominantly folded-chain conformation. Uniaxial deformation occurred on stretching the Ziegler-Natta specimens in harmony with a core of folded chains. Molecular models have been proposed to account for the observed phenomena.