In Vivo Effects of Direct Current in the Mandible

Abstract
The application of low level direct current with a current density of 50 μa/cm2 within the mandible of mature Beagle dogs results in an increased osteogenesis about the negative electrode (cathode). Significant differences observed between the use of platinum-iridium and stainless-steel electrodes suggest careful consideration of appropriate current density and electrode composition when direct current stimulation is to be used.