Frequency-Dependent Attenuation Effects in Pulsed Doppler Ultrasound: Experimental Results

Abstract

The quantitative capability of pulsed Doppler ultrasound in clinical practice is limited by the effects of frequency-dependent attenuation of ultrasound in tissue, as well as several other spectral-broadening mechanisms which distort the Doppler spectrum of an ultrasonic echo. In this communication, we present results of in vitro experiments which demonstrate the magnitude of the errors expected in clinical measurements of blood flow parameters when frequency-dependent attenuation Of ultrasound in biological tissue is ignored. It is shown that errors as large as 15 percent may occur in Doppler measurements of blood flow velocity through 7 cm of intervening tissue. A comparison is also made between experimental results and a theoretical model which includes the effects of scattering and attenuation.