Thirty-four or 75% of the infants born dysmature Stage 2 or 3 in 1956 and 1957 were examined in a follow-up study and matched with 19 controls selected at random. Also 26 cases dysmaturity Stage 1 chosen at random were studied for comparison. A total of 46 qualities in their case history and their physical examination, including two psychological tests, were studied. All the results were scored by the observing clinician at the time of the examination. In 15 of these total 46 variables more than occasional deviations from the normal were observed. In 14 of them, the Stage 2 infants were inferior to Stage 0 infants and often Stage 1 held an intermediate position. Statistically the differences were most obvious in those variables where the examination gave a direct figure, i. e. weight and the psychological tests. Pooling the results from all tests the differences were statistically highly significant.