Behavior therapy for weight control: long-term results of two programs with nutritionists as therapists

Abstract

Two studies examined the effectiveness of behavior modification techniques utilizing nutritionists as therapists. In study 1, therapist training on the use of behavioral techniques was done by self-study. Fifty-seven females at least 10% overweight (X̄ = 20%, SD = ± 14.0) were placed in one of three 10-week treatment conditions; 1) a multiple technique behavioral program, 2) food exchange treatment, and 3) delay treatment control. End of treatment weight losses averaged 3.0, 2.2, and 0.1 kg, respectively. When treated, the delay group lost 2.7 kg. One year posttreatment the behavior therapy subjects were maintaining approximately 70% of the weight lost during treatment; the other two groups maintained less than half of their achieved loss. In study 2, 54 female subjects 15 to 60% overweight (X̄ = 39%, SD = ± 12.3) underwent one of two 14-week behavioral weight control treatments. One was the same behavioral treatment used in study 1; the other was built around the concept of stimulus control. Both treatments included nutrition information. The therapists were trained by a behavioral psychologist. Weight loss at the end of treatment was 8.4 and 7.3 kg for the stimulus control and multiple technique conditions, respectively. There was a significant difference in favor of the stimulus control treatment at 3 and 6 months posttreatment. At the 18-month follow-up the stimulus control subjects were maintaining 80% of achieved weight loss; the other group only 50%.