DNA-directed synthesis in vitro of beta-galactosidase: requirement for a ribosome release factor.

Abstract
The DNA-directed synthesis of .beta.-galactosidase in Escherichia coli extracts was investigated in a partially fractionated system. A dependency was obtained for cyclic AMP receptor protein and also for a factor, from the salt wash of ribisomes, that was purified to near homogeneity. This factor was identified with a ribosome release factor previously purified from the supernatant fraction by others. In the coupled transcription-translation system this factor stimulates .beta.-galactosidase synthesis and total protein synthesis 2 to 4-fold. The ribosome release factor apparently has a physiological function in translation. It may also affect transcription, because it stimulated total RNA synthesis up to 50% in this in vitro system.