Exaggerated salt appetite of spontaneously hypertensive rats is decreased by central angiotensin-converting enzyme blockade

Abstract

Injection of angiotensin II (AII) into the cerebral ventricles at doses as low as 1 pmol h-1 results in a marked stimulation of salt and water ingestion in the rat. Evidence that AII is produced in the central nervous system independently of the circulating renin-angiotensin system (RAS) raises the possibility that endogenous brain AII is involved in the physiological regulation of thirst. The role of brain AII in salt appetite is still unclear. Here we confirm that the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), believed to have elevated levels of brain AII, possesses an exaggerated salt appetite compared with its normotensive controls. We also show that this exaggerated salt appetite is reduced by chronic central treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, while that of the normotensive controls is unaffected. Our study suggests that a central neuropeptide, probably AII, is involved in the maintenance of the exaggerated salt appetite in this model of hypertension.