Resistenz und Rezeptivität der Wissenschaft – Zu den Entstehungsbedingungen neuer Disziplinen durch wissenschaftspolitische Steuerung / Resistance and receptivity of science – On the emergence of new disciplines through science policy

Abstract

Present science policy is oriented towards the „product value“ of science. It attemps to orient scientific developments toward the solution of specific politically defined problems (e.g. cancer research, fusion research). A dimensional analysis is given, by which on the level of political control objectives and of cognitive and institutional scientific structures variables are identified, which are relevant for a comparative description of the politically motivated formation of scientific specialties. Relations of interdependence between political control intentions and cognitive and social scientific structures are constructed. The correlation of technical demands implied in political objectives and of various cognitive stages of scientific development allows for a model of the first order of cognitive receptivity and resistance of a scientific discipline towards external problems.