Regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis by hydrocarbon substrates in Mycobacterium convolutum

Abstract

When M. convolutum R22 was grown on the n-alkanes C13 through C16, the predominant fatty acids were of the same chain length as the growth substrate. Cells grown on C13 through C16 n-alkanes incorporated between 15-85 pmol of acetate/.mu.g of lipid into the fatty acids, but acetate- or propane-grown cells incorporated 280 and 255 pmol of acetate/.mu.g of lipid, respectively. In vivo experiments demonstrated that hexadecane, hexadecanoic acid and hexadecanoylcoenzyme A (CoA) all inhibited de novo fatty acid synthesis. Hexadecanoyl-CoA was the most potent inhibitor. Hexadecane and hexadecanoic acid inhibited acetyl-CoA carboxylase by up to 37 and 39%, respectively, at 1 mM. Hexadecanoyl-CoA inhibited the enzyme activity by 65% at 50 .mu.M. Cells that were grown on C14 through C16 n-alkanes had about 25 times less acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity than did cells grown on acetate or propane, suggesting repressed levels of the enzyme. Hexadecane- or pentadecane-grown cells had 5-10 times more intracellular free fatty acid than cells grown on acetate, propane or ethane.