Serum Lipid Levels, Fat, Nitrogen, and Mineral Metabolism of Young Men Associated with Kind of Dietary Carbohydrate

Abstract

Controlled diets providing daily approximately 2800 kcal, 37% of which were supplied by fat and 22% by either rice or sucrose, were fed to 6 healthy young men for 51 days. Serum cholesterol levels with the controlled diets were higher than the initial prestudy levels but there was no significant difference in serum cholesterol levels between the 2 controlled diets (rice vs. sucrose). The shift in source of 40% of the dietary carbohydrate from rice to sucrose did not significantly affect the levels of phospholipids and magnesium in the blood serum. No significant correlation was noted between blood glucose levels and the levels of each of the following blood serum constituents: cholesterol, phospholipids, and magnesium, nor between serum magnesium and either cholesterol or phospholipid levels. There was a highly significant correlation between serum cholesterol and phospholipid levels (r = +0.940). The substitution of sucrose for rice in the diets resulted in no significant differences in retention of nitrogen and phosphorus. The retention of calcium and magnesium was significantly lower when sucrose replaced rice. This difference could be attributed mainly to the higher content of both minerals in rice.