CHILDREN with various types of goiter presently constitute approximately 16 per cent of the new admissions for primary endocrine disease seen in the Adolescent Endocrine Clinic at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Hence, it is evident that these conditions are by no means uncommon. In all fairness to the non-endocrinologist, however, the frequency of occurrence should be put in a second frame of reference. Such perspective is gained by noting that only about 1 per cent of the total new admissions to this hospital are comprised of patients with primary endocrine disorders. Thyrotoxic goiter and 5 other types will be given consideration; the latter include neonatal goiter, the goiters of adolescence and lymphocytic infiltration, the goiter of defective thyroxin synthesis and, finally, thyroid carcinoma. Iodine deficiency goiter has become so rare in this country as a result of prophylaxis as to deserve no more than mention. In the past 5 years we have encountered only 1 case, that in a boy of 8 years, a recent immigrant from the Italian Alps. NEONATAL GOITER Goiters in newborn infants are not seen frequently but every pediatrician who deals with neonates should be in a position to recognize the syndrome, understand its causation and prognosis and to advise therapy. These goiters are seen most frequently in infants born of mothers receiving iodides for hay fever or asthma or of mothers being treated for thyrotoxicosis with one of the thyroid synthesis blocking agents. In the first instance, iodide or an iodide metabolite appears to cross the placenta and block the fetal TSH secretion.