Global Ischemia Activates Nuclear Factor-κB in Forebrain Neurons of Rats

Abstract
Background and Purpose After global ischemia, brain levels of hydrogen peroxide, oxygen radicals, and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are increased. Oxygen radicals, TNF-α, and IL-1β are known to activate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in vitro. The present study was performed to determine whether NF-κB was activated in vivo by global ischemia in hippocampal CA1 neurons.