The olfactory responses of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), to phenols and urine in the field
- 1 June 1988
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in Bulletin of Entomological Research
- Vol. 78 (2), 293-300
- https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300013055
Abstract
In Zimbabwe, catches of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen in traps baited with acetone and 1-octen-3-ol were increased by the addition of the synthetic mixture of eight phenols found in cattle urine to a level equal to or greater than those with natural urine. The addition of natural urine to the synthetic mixture did not increase catches further, indicating that the phenols account for essentially all the attractiveness of cattle urine. 4-Methylphenol and 3-n-propylphenol were shown to be the naturally-occurring components essential for attractiveness, and 2-methoxyphenol was found to reduce attractiveness. 4-Methylphenol alone was slightly attractive to both species, but only for males, increasing catches by approximately 30%. Catches of both species were increased by approximately 50% by 3-n-propylphenol. The addition of 4-methylphenol increased catches of G. pallidipes by up to a further four times, but catches of G. m. morsitans were decreased. Of 14 other phenols tested, phenol, 3-methylphenol and 4-ethylphenol increased the attractiveness of 3-n-propylphenol to G. pallidipes without decreasing the attractiveness to G. m. morsitans; (E)- and (Z)-3-(1-propenyl)phenol, potential contaminants in 3-n- propylphenol, did not reduce the attractiveness of mixtures of 3-n-propylphenol and 4-methylphenol, and the E and, to a lesser extent, the Z isomer could substitute for 3-n-pro-pylphenol in these mixtures. Mixtures of phenols which increased the attractiveness of traps to tsetse showed similar effects with targets but at a slightly reduced level.This publication has 8 references indexed in Scilit:
- Identification of components of cattle urine attractive to tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae)Bulletin of Entomological Research, 1988
- The use of odour attractants for sampling Glossina pallidipes Austen(Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, KenyaBulletin of Entomological Research, 1986
- The field responses of tsetse flies, Glossinaspp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), to odours of host residuesBulletin of Entomological Research, 1986
- An analysis of colour effects in the performance of the F2 trap against Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae)Bulletin of Entomological Research, 1986
- A comparison of various traps for Glossina spp. (Glossinidae) and other DipteraBulletin of Entomological Research, 1985
- The role of 1-octen-3-ol, acetone and carbon dioxide in the attraction of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), to ox odourBulletin of Entomological Research, 1985
- The use of 1-octen-3-ol, acetone and carbon dioxide to improve baits for tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae)Bulletin of Entomological Research, 1985
- The improvement of traps for tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae)Bulletin of Entomological Research, 1982