Periodontal disease, tooth loss, and oral hygiene among older Americans

Abstract

Susceptibility to destructive periodontal disease may not be as universal as was previously thought. Data from a representative national sample of 11,338 American adults aged 25-74, examined in a national survey in 1971-74 was analyzed. Results showed that 46.1% of those aged 65-74 were edentulous, but half of the dentate persons in that age group were diagnosed as free of destructive periodontal disease. Periodontal (PI) and oral hygiene (OHI-S) index scores in this group were significantly better in those persons who had lost fewest teeth. When persons aged 65-74 who retained 25 or more teeth were compared with younger adults who also had 25 or more teeth. OHI-S and CI [calculus index scores were similar. Maintenance of hygiene levels corresponding to OHI-S scores of 0.3-0.6, and calculus levels corresponding to CI scores of 0.1-0.2, is sufficient to maintain a dentition free of periodontal disease throughout life. Slightly higher OHI-S levels (0.7-1.3) and CI levels of (0.3-0.6) might be compatible with acceptably low levels of periodontal disease.