Specific Recruitment of CC Chemokine Receptor 4–Positive Regulatory T Cells in Hodgkin Lymphoma Fosters Immune Privilege

Abstract

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is characterized by the presence of a small number of tumor cells in a rich background of inflammatory cells, but the contribution of the abundant nontumor cells to HL pathogenesis is poorly understood. We showed that migratory CD4⁺ cells induced by HL cells were hyporesponsive to T-cell receptor stimulation and suppressed the activation/proliferation of the effector CD4⁺ T cells in an autologous setting. We further showed that HL cells in the affected lymph nodes were surrounded by a large number of lymphocytes expressing both CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) and FOXP3. These findings indicate that the migratory cells induced by HL cells function as regulatory T (Treg) cells so that these cells create a favorable environment for the tumor cells to escape from host immune system. In addition, we showed that a chimeric anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) could deplete CCR4⁺ T cells and inhibit the migration of CD4⁺CD25⁺ T cells in vitro. Recognition of the importance of CCR4⁺ Treg cells in the pathogenesis of HL will allow rational design of more effective treatments, such as use of an anti-CCR4 mAb, to overcome the suppressive effect of CCR4⁺ Treg cells on the host immune response to tumor cells. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(11): 5716-22)